Korean Counting
There are two
different numbering systems that are used by Koreans.
The first numbering system is used when counting, or
when only speaking of the numbers themselves. The first
ten numbers in this system are as follows:
|
1 |
:
|
hanah |
|
2 |
:
|
dool |
|
3 |
:
|
set |
|
4 |
:
|
net |
|
5 |
:
|
dasot |
|
6 |
:
|
yasot |
|
7 |
:
|
ilgop |
|
8 |
:
|
yadol |
|
9 |
:
|
ahop |
|
10 |
:
|
yool |
The stress in "hanah", "dasot", and "yasot"
is on the first syllable, in "ilgop", "yadol", and "ahop"
on the second. In counting cadence in TaeKwonDo, this is
so emphasized that the other syllable frequently almost
disappears (e.g., "han", "das", "yos", "lgop", "hop",
etc.).
The other numbering system (which is
of Chinese origin) is used in most other cases and is
often used where Americans would use ordinal numbers
(such as "first", "second", etc ...). For example, this
second numbering system is used when describing a
person's rank: a first degree black belt would be an "il
dan". The first ten numbers in this numbering system are
as follows:
|
1 |
:
|
il |
|
2 |
:
|
ee |
|
3 |
:
|
sahm |
|
4 |
:
|
sah |
|
5 |
:
|
oh |
|
6 |
:
|
ryook |
|
7 |
:
|
chil |
|
8 |
:
|
pal |
|
9 |
:
|
koo |
|
10 |
:
|
ship |
The final `l' in "chil" and "pal"
isn't rounded, like an American `l' .... It's a much
shorter sound, sort of like the initial `l' in "let",
but even shorter. It's not like the `l' in "ball".
When pronouncing the word "ship", you
must not
emphasize the "sh" sound. It's almost more like "sip"
with a sort of a lisp. If you pronounce it like "sh" in
"shell", then you are referring to sexual intercourse.
Even though this second numbering
system may correspond to ordinal numbers in English in
some cases, these are not ordinal numbers. Koreans use a
separate set of words for ordinal numbers.
|
ye ui |
:
|
courtesy |
|
yom chi |
:
|
integrity |
|
in nae |
:
|
perseverance |
|
kuk gi |
:
|
self-control
(also "jah jeh") |
|
baekjool |
:
|
indomitable
spirit (also "boolgool eui jung shin") |
|
sahnkal |
:
|
knifehand |
|
sahnkal
jecho |
:
|
knifehand
with palm up |
|
sahnkal
deung |
:
|
ridgehand
(also "oppun sahnkal") |
|
sahn bahtong |
:
|
palm heel
(also "bahtong sahn") |
|
sahn deung |
:
|
back hand
(also "deung sahn") |
|
ah keum sahn |
:
|
arc hand |
|
galkwi sahn |
:
|
ripping (or
raking) hand |
|
jipke sahn |
:
|
pincers hand |
|
joomok |
:
|
fist |
|
deung joomuk |
:
|
back fist |
|
yup joomuk |
:
|
side fist |
|
me joomuk |
:
|
hammer-fist |
|
inju joomuk |
:
|
forefinger
one-knuckle fist |
|
bamchu
joomuk |
:
|
middle-finger one-knuckle fist |
|
doo bam
joomuk |
:
|
two-knuckle
fist |
|
pyun joomuk |
:
|
flat (or
open) fist |
|
omji joomuk |
:
|
thumb-knuckle fist |
|
kwan soo |
:
|
spearhand
(also "pyun sahnkeut") |
|
sahnkeut |
:
|
spearfinger |
|
gawi
sahnkeut |
:
|
scissors-shaped spearfingers |
|
bahro
chirugi |
:
|
straight
(return) punch |
|
bahndae
chirugi |
:
|
reverse
punch |
|
gullgi
chirugi |
:
|
hook punch |
|
yung seuk
chirugi |
:
|
combination
(consecutive) punch |
|
doo bun
chirugi |
:
|
double punch |
|
sae bun
chirugi |
:
|
triple punch |
|
sahnkeut
chirugi |
:
|
spearfinger
thrust |
|
sewo chirugi |
:
|
vertical
punch |
|
gotjang
chirugi |
:
|
vertical
fist punch |
|
dolrya
chirugi |
:
|
round punch |
|
dwijubo
chirugi |
:
|
upset punch |
|
soteum
chirugi |
:
|
spring punch |
|
nehryuh
chirugi |
:
|
downward
punch |
|
chi chirugi |
:
|
uppercut
punch |
|
jae chuh
chirugi |
:
|
upper punch
(also "jae chin chirugi") |
|
doo joomuk
chirugi |
:
|
doublefist
punch |
|
dikootja
chirugi |
:
|
`U' (or `C')
shaped punch (hi-lo) |
|
sosum
chirugi |
:
|
double
uppercut punch |
|
keumgang
chirugi |
:
|
diamond-shaped punch |
|
nalgeh
chirugi |
:
|
wing-shaped
punch |
|
kyorugi |
:
|
(free)
sparring |
|
han bun
kyorugi |
:
|
one step
sparring |
|
doo bun
kyorugi |
:
|
two step
sparring |
|
sae bun
kyorugi |
:
|
three step
sparring |
|
bahn ja yu
kyorugi |
:
|
semi free
sparring |
|
machu oh
kyorugi |
:
|
arranged
free sparring |
|
jeon |
:
|
round
(competition segment) |
|
shihap |
:
|
bout or
match |
|
jeum |
:
|
point |
|
shi gan |
:
|
time out |
|
keum bahk |
:
|
out of
bounds |
|
kyong go |
:
|
warning |
|
gam jeum |
:
|
deduction of
point |
|
shil kyuk |
:
|
disqualification |
|
boo sang |
:
|
injury |
|
seung |
:
|
win |
|
bi kim |
:
|
tie |
|
chung |
:
|
blue |
|
hong |
:
|
red |
|
hin |
:
|
white |
|
jajun bahl |
:
|
use of
footwork to dodge a technique |
|
nachugi |
:
|
body evasion
by "ducking" |
|